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Forged Carbon Steel Tube Sheet Specific Material Forged carbon steel tube sheets are typically made from carbon steel materials such as ASTM A105 tube sheets or ASTM A350 LF2 tube sheets. Carbon steel is chosen for its high strength and excellent machinability, making it suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments.   Forged Carbon Steel Tube Sheet Production Standards The production of forged carbon steel tube sheets typically complies with relevant standards such as ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) or international standards. These standards ensure product quality and performance, including material strength, dimensional accuracy, and weldability.   Forged Carbon Steel Tube Sheet Dimensions The dimensions of forged carbon steel tube sheets depend on specific design and application requirements. Typically, the diameter and layout of tube holes, plate thickness, and overall dimensions vary based on the specifications and functions of the equipment.       Forged carbon steel tube sheets are commonly used in the following applications 1.Heat Exchangers: A heat exchanger is an equipment that utilizes the heat transfer of fluid inside the pipe for energy conversion. Carbon steel tube sheets are often used as materials for pipes and heat exchanger bundles in heat exchangers, with high corrosion resistance and pressure bearing capacity.   2.Boilers: Carbon steel tube sheet is also one of the most important materials in the manufacturing of boilers, and is generally used for the tubes and some structural components of boilers. Due to its excellent mechanical properties, strength, and high corrosion resistance, carbon steel tubesheets can ensure the safe operation of boilers.   3.Chemical Industry: In petrochemical equipment, carbon steel tube plates are often used as materials for catalyst tubes, distillation towers, reactors, and other devices. Due to its excellent corrosion resistance and reliable pressure bearing capacity, carbon steel tube plates ensure the safety of petrochemical equipment.         Forged Carbon Steel Tube Sheet Advantages 1. High Strength: Carbon steel offers excellent strength, enabling it to withstand high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. 2. Excellent Machinability: Carbon steel is easy to forge, cut, and weld, making it suitable for various complex-shaped tube sheets. 3. High-Temperature Resistance: Carbon steel tube sheets are well-suited for high-temperature environments, making them ideal for use in boilers and heat exchangers. 4. Corrosion Resistance: While susceptible to corrosion, carbon steel tube sheets can still be used in corrosive environments with proper coatings and protection.     Forged Carbon Steel Tube Sheet Processing Steps 1. Raw Material Preparation: Select suitable-quality carbon steel billets. 2. Forging: Heat the billets to the appropriate temperature and shape them through forging processes, using hammering or pressure to achieve the desired shape. 3. Machining and Hole Drilling: Cut and drill tube holes, ensuring accurate dimensions and hole positions. 4. Inspection and Quality Control: Conduct non-destructive and destructive testing to ensure that the tube sheet meets specifications and standards. 5.  Surface Treatment: Surface treatments, such as corrosion-resistant coatings, may be applied to enhance corrosion resistance.   Wuxi changrun has equipped facilities for manufacturing. Now it has five forging machines, one of which is forging machine whose capacity reaches 3600-ton, one is numerical control ring roll whose capacity reaches 6300 mm (Diameter), one is 1.5 ton hammers and the other two are 1-ton air hammers. There are 7 gas generators used for forge heating, 16 industrial resistance furnaces for heat treatment and more than 80 metal processing equipment among which there is a numeric control Standing Lathe whose processing diameter can reach 5meters. The company has an annual production capacity of 50,000 tons of middle and high-pressure flanges and various steel forgings for boilers and pressure vessels. The maximum pressure of manufactured flanges can reach 2500Lb, the maximum diameter can reach about 6 meters and the maximum weight of unit forging can reach 30 tons.       Conclusion Forged carbon steel tube sheets play a crucial role in heat exchange and heating equipment, offering strength and high-temperature resistance. Their manufacturing requires precise craftsmanship and quality assurance to ensure equipment safety and reliability.   Wuxi Changrun has provided high-quality tube sheets, nozzles, flanges, and customized forgings for heat exchangers, boilers, pressure vessels, etc. to many well-known petrochemical enterprises at home and abroad. Our customers include PetroChina, Sinopec, Chevron, Bayer, Shell, BASF, etc. Send your drawings to sales@wuxichangrun.com We will provide you with the best quotation and the highest quality products.    

Tube sheets are commonly used industrial components, widely employed in industries such as chemical, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, and food processing. Tube sheet size standards refer to the standardized size specifications used in the design and manufacturing process to ensure interchangeability and universality of various pipeline equipment. This article provides a detailed introduction to tube sheet size standards.   Tube Sheet Overview 1. Tube Sheet Definition A tube sheet is a device that connects multiple pipelines or equipment and consists of two flat surfaces, typically with numerous holes on the top surface, with each hole connecting to one or more holes on the bottom surface.   2. Tube Sheet Classification Depending on different application scenarios and functional requirements, tube sheets can be categorized into the following types: (1) Distributors: Divert one inlet into two or more outlets. (2) Collectors: Collect two or more inlets into one outlet. (3) Heat Exchangers: Achieve heat exchange through the transfer of heat between internal fluids. (4) Reactors: Complete chemical synthesis or other chemical processes through internal reactions.   Tube Sheet Size Standards 1. Tube Sheet Hole Diameter: In the design and manufacturing process, international standards like ISO/TR 10400 or ASME B16.5 are typically used as standard specifications for tube sheet hole diameters. Both of these standards specify a range of hole sizes, ranging from 1/2 inch to 48 inches.   2. Tube Sheet Thickness: Tube sheet thickness refers to the distance between the top and bottom surfaces of the tube sheet. In the design and manufacturing process, standards such as ASME B16.5 or GB/T 9119 are typically used as standard specifications for tube sheet thickness. These standards specify a range of thicknesses, ranging from 3 millimeters to 100 millimeters.   3. Tube Sheet Hole Spacing: Tube sheet hole spacing refers to the distance between adjacent holes. In the design and manufacturing process, standards like ASME B16.5 or GB/T 9119 are usually used as standard specifications for tube sheet hole spacing. These standards specify a range of hole spacing sizes, ranging from 15 millimeters to 600 millimeters.   4. Tube Sheet Material: Tube sheet material refers to the type and variety of materials used in manufacturing the tube sheet. In the design and manufacturing process, standards such as ASME B16.5, GB/T 9119, or JIS B2220 are typically used as standard specifications for tube sheet materials. These standards classify and specify various material types and varieties.       Frequently Asked Questions   1. What is the purpose of tube sheet size standards? The purpose of tube sheet size standards is to ensure the interchangeability and universality of various pipeline equipment, allowing pipeline equipment produced by different manufacturers to be compatible and work together.   2. What is the relationship between tube sheet hole diameter, thickness, and hole spacing? There is no direct relationship between tube sheet hole diameter, thickness, and hole spacing. Different tube sheet size standards specify different ranges of hole diameter, thickness, and hole spacing sizes, and users can choose the appropriate specifications according to their needs.   3. What are the common types of tube sheet materials? Common tube sheet materials include carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, copper, aluminum, and more. Users can select the appropriate material type and variety based on their specific requirements.       Conclusion Tube sheet size standards are crucial for ensuring the interchangeability and universality of various pipeline equipment and should be strictly followed during the design and manufacturing process.    Wuxi Changrun has provided high-quality tube sheets, nozzles, flanges, and customized forgings for heat exchangers, boilers, pressure vessels, etc. to many well-known petrochemical enterprises at home and abroad. Our customers include PetroChina, Sinopec, Chevron, Bayer, Shell, BASF, etc. Send your drawings to sales@wuxichangrun.com We will provide you with the best quotation and the highest quality products.  

A CNC machined tube plate refers to a tube sheet or plate that has undergone precision machining using a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine.  CNC machining involves the use of computer numerical control to automate and control the movement of machining tools and equipment. This technology allows for precise and accurate shaping, cutting, and drilling of materials, including metal plates used in various applications.   Information on CNC machining tube plates 1. Tube Sheet in Heat Exchangers: In the context of heat exchangers, a tube sheet is a plate that separates the fluid in the tubes from the fluid in the shell of the heat exchanger. CNC machining can be used to create precise holes in the tube sheet for the tubes to pass through.   2. CNC Tube Cutting: This could refer to the process of using CNC machines to cut tubes into specific lengths or shapes. CNC tube cutting is commonly used in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and construction.   3. Tube Plate in Structural Engineering: In structural engineering, a tube plate might be a component used in the construction of steel structures, such as trusses or frames. CNC machining can be employed to create precise cuts and holes in these plates.     CNC machining tube plate 1. Hole Drilling: CNC machines can accurately drill holes in tube plates to accommodate tubes in heat exchangers or other systems. The hole patterns need to be precisely designed to ensure proper alignment and fit.   2. Milling and Cutting: CNC milling machines can be employed to cut and shape tube plates according to specific designs and requirements. This can include creating intricate patterns or features on the surface of the tube plate.   3. Surface Finishing: CNC machining can be used to achieve a smooth and precise finish on the surface of the tube plate. This is important for both functional and aesthetic reasons, depending on the application.   4. Customization: CNC machining allows for a high level of customization. Tube plates can be machined to exact specifications, accommodating different sizes, hole patterns, and materials based on the requirements of the specific application.     CNC machined tube plates are commonly used in the construction of heat exchangers, boilers, and similar equipment where precise alignment and secure attachment of tubes are essential for efficient heat transfer. The use of CNC machining ensures the production of high-quality, accurate, and repeatable tube plates in various industrial settings.    Relying on the top processing equipment cluster, wuxi changrun can provide multiple processes from material to cutting, beveling, welding, heat treatment, vertical turning, drilling and so on; Capable of processing tube plates and folding plates made of diversified materials such as pure titanium, stainless steel composite, high-specification stainless steel and various high-strength steels.

What is a forged tube sheet? Forging is a process of manufacturing components by plastic deformation of metal. During the forging process, the metal is pressed to the desired shape. A forged tubesheet is commonly made from a round disc forging with holes drilled to accept the tubes or pipes in an accurate location and pattern relative to one another. The advantages of forging tube sheets are high density, high strength, and good toughness. However, due to the high temperature and specialized equipment required for forging, the cost is relatively high.   A forged tube sheet is a critical component in shell-and-tube heat exchangers. It serves as a support for the heat exchanger tubes and provides a sealed barrier at the ends of the tubes to prevent leakage between the tube-side and shell-side fluids, ensure effective heat transfer or to support filter elements. In shell and tube heat exchangers, two plates support the tubes, one on each end. They are in contact with both fluids on the shell side and the tube side, so they must be corrosion resistant and sealed tightly. Many heat exchanger design codes and standards require forged tubesheets.       Forged Tube Sheet Production Standards: The production standards for forged tube sheets can vary depending on the specific industry and application. However, some common standards that may be followed include:   1.ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Standards: ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) provides guidelines and standards for the design, fabrication, and inspection of pressure vessels, including heat exchangers. ASME standards ensure that the equipment meets safety and performance requirements.   2. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Standards: ASTM specifications provide guidelines for the materials used in the fabrication of tube sheets. Different grades of materials are specified based on factors such as temperature, pressure, and corrosion resistance.     Material of Forged Tube Sheets: The choice of material for forged tube sheets depends on the specific requirements of the application. Common the material include: carbon steel tube sheets, stainless steel tube sheets, alloy steel tube sheets. A tubesheet may be covered in a cladding material which serves as a corrosion barrier and insulator which is weld overlay tube sheets. (Know more about welding overlay tube sheet)     Forgings for manufacturing tube sheets need to meet the following performance requirements: 1. High strength: able to withstand high pressure and impact loads, ensuring the stability and safe operation of the tube sheet. 2. Good corrosion resistance: It can resist the corrosion of the medium and extend the service life of the tubesheet. 3. Good sealing: Ensure the normal operation of the tube plate and prevent medium leakage. 4. Good processability: Easy to process into complex shapes to meet the design requirements of tubesheets.     Forged tube sheets find applications in various industries, including: 1. Petrochemical Industry: For heat exchangers in refineries and chemical processing plants. 2. Power Generation: In boilers and steam generators. 3. Oil and Gas Industry: For heat exchangers in oil refineries and offshore platforms. 4. Chemical Processing: In chemical reactors and processing equipment.     Forged tube sheets are crucial components in heat exchangers, manufactured through a forging process to achieve specific mechanical properties. They adhere to industry standards and are chosen for their strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion in various industrial applications. Wuxi changrun specialized in forged tube sheet manufacture.  

What is a tube sheet for heat exchanger? One of the most common heat exchangers in service within industrial process applications is the “Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers”. They are available in many shapes, sizes and have been used in industry for over 150 years. In this exchanger group are various sub design types: Fixed, U-tube and Floating tubes heet. Variations of all can be denoted as type “E”, “F”, “G”, “H”, “J”, “K” or “X”. The main applications are where high pressure/temperatures are key considerations. Loosely, general designs consist of the/an outer shell in which resides a tube bundle (these can be configured as finned, plain etc) sealed at each end by a tube sheet which isolates the tubes and the outer shell.     How does a heat exchanger work? Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers have the capability to transfer large amounts of heat at low(er) costs. This, in principle, down to both design simplicity and effectiveness – large tube surface for reduced weight, volume of liquid and importantly floor space.   Whilst there is a wide variety to choose from there are certain key components similar in all. Tube sheets have tubes attached to them within the body or “shell” of the heat exchanger. The tubes allow the movement of a given medium (gas/fluid) through the shell chamber stopping it mixing with a second fluid medium that lies outside these tubes. As long as there is a temperature difference between these, in effect, the two flow past one another exchanging heat without ever mixing. Tube sheets can be fixed or floating dependent on the application the heat exchanger is designed for.       The role of tube sheets in heat exchangers Tube sheets are a critical component of the final design. There are a multitude of materials they can be manufactured from. Material selection is made after careful consideration as it is in contact with both fluids. It must therefore have the necessary corrosion resistance, electromechanical and metallurgical properties associated for its given working environment.   The tube sheets themselves contain holes drilled into them. This, in a given, very specific design configuration, at very precise locations with critical tolerances. The amounts of holes can range from a few to thousands. These pattern or “pitch” holes are relative to each other tube sheet within the shell. This pitch changes tube distance, angle and flow direction. These parameters have been varied to maximize the heat transfer effectiveness.   Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers of the big advantages of using a shell and tube heat exchanger is that they are often easy to service, particularly with models where a floating tube bundle where the tube plates are not welded to the outer shell is available. Fixed Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers used on fixed tube sheet heat exchangers.    Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers the right choice of materials they can also be used to cool or heat other mediums, such as swimming pool water or charge air. Fixed Tube Sheet Heat Exchangers ideal cooling solution for a wide variety of applications. One of the most common applications is the cooling of hydraulic fluid and oil in engines, transmissions and hydraulic power packs.     How does wuxi changrun work? Because these tube sheets are the main, critical，Wuxi changrun manufactures directly to OEM drawings issued as DXF files. The in house Delcam FeatureCam CAD reading capabilities mean the final product supplied from us is manufactured to the exacting specifications as designed, released and issued from you the client.   Wuxi changrun’s considerable experience in this highly specialized area means that whatever the requirement, whatever the timescale, we have the technical, in house experience and know-how to approach a given task, deliver on time and in budget. This is why the company is entrusted to manufacture to key, blue chip clients across the globe.

What are the long weld neck flanges? A long weld neck flange is a type of flange that features an extended neck or hub. It has a long, tapered neck that is welded to the pipe, providing a smooth transition between the flange and the pipe. The extended neck provides reinforcement and additional strength to the joint. The Long Weld Neck (LWN) connection is the lightest and most economical connections offered for use where a minimum of reinforcing area is required. It is the most commonly used nozzle in the ASME pressure vessel industry. A Long Weld Neck is also the lightest wall connection of the nozzle family. The nozzle that follows the Long Weld Neck with a slightly heavier wall barrel is known as the Heavy Barrel (HB).     The fuction of long weld neck flange Long weld neck flanges are commonly used in piping systems that require high-pressure and high-temperature applications. The extended neck allows for better flow characteristics, minimizing turbulence and pressure drop. It also provides additional space for insulation or corrosion-resistant coatings .Long Weld Neck connections are a crucial part of the pressure vessel industry. Welding is the most efficient and cost-effective way to connect two pieces of metal, so it is the material of choice for many industries, including petrochemical and aerospace.   The design of a long weld neck flange allows for easy welding, making it suitable for critical connections where strength, integrity, and leak-free performance are essential. The longer neck allows for a more gradual transition, reducing stress concentration and improving the overall structural integrity of the joint. Due to their robust design and superior performance, long weld neck flanges are widely used in industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical, power generation, and chemical processing. They are typically made from high-quality materials, such as carbon steel long weld neck flanges, stainless steel long weld neck flanges, or alloy steel long weld neck flanges, to ensure durability and resistance to corrosion.       A long weld neck flange is a specialized flange with an extended neck or hub. It provides strength, smooth flow characteristics, and easy welding in high-pressure and high-temperature piping systems, making it an ideal choice for critical applications.   Wuxi changrun’s product offering with a wide spectrum of ASME pressure vessel connections makes it simple on the customer, as we are capable of producing a nozzle for every application in the pressure vessel industry. Our Long Weld Neck connections are available in various seamless configurations for custom pressure vessel connections. They provide leak-free, long-term service in high-pressure environments.    

Duplex steel has become increasingly popular in industrial settings due to its unique properties, high strength, corrosion resistance, and durability. One of the most commonly used components made from duplex steel is the duplex steel elbow. This component is found in numerous industries, including oil and gas, chemical, and petrochemical manufacturing. This blog post will discuss everything you need to know about duplex steel elbows.     What is the role of elbows in pipelines?  Elbows belong to pipe fittings, and the purpose of using elbows in pipelines is to change the direction of the pipeline. Elbows are used at the turning point of the pipeline to change the direction of the pipeline. The angles of elbows include 15 degree elbows, 30 degree elbows, 45 degree elbows, 60 degree elbows, 90 degree elbows, and 180 degree elbows. The type of elbow including long-radius elbows, short-radius elbows, seamless elbows, and welded elbows. These are the most commonly used elbow angles, which need to be ordered and made according to the installation needs of the construction site project. Long and short-radius elbows differ in their radius of curvature, with long-radius elbows having a larger radius than short-radius elbows. Seamless elbows are made from a single piece of steel and are available in a wider range of sizes and wall thicknesses than welded elbows.The materials can be divided into stainless steel elbows, carbon steel elbows, alloy steel elbows, and duplex steel elbows. When connecting elbows and pipelines, welding is used. Therefore, for the convenience of welding, the ends of general elbows need to be bevelled.       Why Use Duplex Steel Elbows? Duplex steel is a type of stainless steel with a two-phase microstructure consisting of austenitic and ferritic stainless steel. This type of steel offers a unique combination of strength, corrosion resistance, and durability, making it the perfect material for industrial applications. The use of duplex steel elbows offers several advantages over other types of elbows. One of the main benefits is their excellent corrosion resistance, making them suitable for use in harsh environments such as offshore oil rigs, where exposure to seawater can cause significant damage to traditional piping systems. Duplex steel elbows are also known for their high strength, which allows them to withstand high pressure and temperature fluctuations without developing cracks or leaks.     Applications Of Duplex Steel Elbows   Duplex steel elbows are used in various industrial applications, including chemical processing, oil and gas, petrochemical manufacturing, and offshore platforms. They are also found in power generation plants, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and food processing facilities. Their durability, strength, and corrosion resistance make them suitable in environments where other materials would quickly degrade.     Conclusion Duplex steel elbows are essential to numerous industrial applications and offer many benefits over traditional piping systems. Their superior strength and corrosion resistance are ideal for harsh environments such as offshore oil rigs. Duplex steel elbows can provide long-lasting, reliable functions in various applications with regular maintenance and care. This blog post has provided valuable insights into everything you need about duplex steel elbows. Wuxi Cahngrun good at pipe fitting manufacture, choose us is one of your best choice.    

What are Carbon Steel Flanges? Under the imaginative direction of competent personnel, Carbon Steel Flanges are meticulously designed employing modern procedures in the manufacturing facility. To ensure flawlessness and defect-freeness, the offered range is rigorously tested on several quality factors. Due to their unique qualities, these items are highly regarded by customers and employed extensively throughout several industries. offered range is packaged with quality assurance.   Carbon Steel Flanges are used to terminate or join two ends of a pipe. The materials they are made from vary. The carbon steel flange is one example of such a type of flange made from carbon steel. Raw materials used in the production of these flanges are of the highest quality. They contain carbon in the range of 0.25 to 0.60 percent. Due to the high amount of carbon and manganese in the product, it has exceptional ductility and outstanding fabrication qualities.       The manufacturing process of carbon steel flanges The production process of carbon steel flanges generally includes forging, casting, and machining. Forged flange is the process of heating a steel ingot at a high temperature of 1600 ℃, then cooling it to around 800 ℃, and using methods such as hammering or hydraulic pressure to deform the ingot into shape; Casting flanges is the process of pouring liquid steel into a mold, cooling and solidifying it to form a flange. Processing flanges is the process of cutting, forming, and processing plates or round materials. The production process time is relatively short and the price is relatively low, but its strength and pressure resistance are generally weak.       Applications of Carbon Steel Flanges The term “killed Carbon Steel Forged Flanges” refers to a different kind of flange. During the melting process, they are eliminated. Deoxidation occurs as a result of the inclusion of manganese, silicon, and aluminum during the manufacturing of steel. To assist in bolting and joining two pipes together, carbon steel plate flanges are welded onto the pipe Ductile and tough, it is suitable for a variety of applications. These Carbon Steel Pipe Flanges are also highly reliable in frigid temperatures. A water pipeline and a fuel pipeline use them.   To make the steel and cast iron alloy stronger and harder Quenching is the procedure that Carbon Steel Slip On Flanges goes through. They are employed in a variety of petrochemical, engineering, and construction fields. The slip-on flange’s outer diameter is also welded. The end of carbon steel weld neck flanges extends the neck. For a seamless connection, this kind of flange is immediately buttwelded to the pipe. When the conditions are critical and extreme, Indian suppliers of carbon steel flanges advise using these products.       summary Carbon steel flange is a common accessory for connecting pipes and valve equipment, which is widely used in petroleum, chemical, shipping, power and other industries. Carbon steel flanges can be classified into various types based on material and structure, which are suitable for different pipeline connection methods and requirements. When selecting carbon steel flanges, it is necessary to choose according to actual needs and requirements to ensure the safety and stability of connection and operation.  

Tube sheets are mainly used in chemical containers, such as heat exchangers, pressure vessels, boilers, condensers, central air conditioning, evaporators, and seawater desalination, to support and fix the column pipes. The metal material not only makes them highly rigid, but also has great thermal conductivity. There are different types of tube plates, each designed for specific applications. The following are some common types of tube sheets and their specific explanations:     1.Floating tube sheet Floating tubesheets are an important component of floating head heat exchangers. It plays a stabilizing role by being installed inside the floating head heat exchanger and supporting the structure of the tube bundle. When the tube bundle is subjected to the impact of the working medium and the pressure flowing through the tube bundle, the floating tubesheet will play a supporting role in preventing the vibration of the tube bundle, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the medium and the safety inside the heat exchanger. During the operation of the heat exchanger, the tube bundle will expand due to heating and contract after cooling. This kind of thermal expansion and contraction will generate huge stress on the tube bundle, which is prone to cracking and deformation. The floating tube sheet can move up and down, allowing the tube bundle to freely expand and contract with temperature changes, thereby offsetting the stress generated by the tube bundle. Avoiding fatigue damage and leakage of the tube bundle can increase the fluid dynamic interaction between the tube bundle and the shell, and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. Floating tube sheets are widely used in various types of heat exchangers, especially in fluids with high convective heat transfer coefficients, and their effects are more pronounced. When designing a heat exchanger, parameters such as the length, width, thickness, and floating rod length of the floating tube plate need to be selected according to specific circumstances to ensure the stability and efficiency of the heat exchanger.     2. Fixed tube sheet Fixed tube sheet also known as tube fixing fixture. It is a device used to fix and protect pipeline systems. It can ensure the stability and safety of pipeline systems. It is usually used to fix tube plate heat exchangers, and the two end tube plates are connected and fixed to the shell by welding. The structural feature is that a tube bundle is installed in the shell, and the two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube plate through welding or expansion joint. The tube plates at both ends are directly welded to the shell, and the inlet and outlet pipes on the shell side are directly welded to the shell. The flange at the outer edge of the tube plate head is fastened with bolts, and the inlet and outlet pipes on the tube side are directly welded to the head. Several baffles are set inside the tube bundle according to the length of the heat exchange tube. The tube side of the heat exchanger can be divided into any number of channels through a diaphragm.   Fixed tube sheet heat exchangers have the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient cleaning, multiple tube passes, double shell passes, and wide specification range, and have been widely used in engineering. It is difficult to clean the shell side. Not suitable for dirty or corrosive media. If the expansion difference is large, we can install an expansion joint on the shell to reduce the thermal stress caused by the temperature difference on the shell side. It has the advantages of small bypass seepage, less use of forgings, low cost, no internal leakage, and a heat transfer volume 20%~30% larger than that of floating head heat exchangers.    

What is a flange? A flange is mainly used for connecting parts between pipelines and valves, between pipelines, and between pipelines and equipment, which play a sealing role. Because there are many applications between these equipment and pipelines, two planes are connected by bolts, and the connecting parts with sealing function are all called flanges. Generally, flanges have circular holes for fixing purposes. For example, when used at pipeline connections, a sealing ring is added between two flange plates, and then bolted together. flanges with different pressures have different thicknesses and use different bolts. The main materials used for flanges are carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloy steel, etc.     The difference between stainless steel flange and carbon steel flange Both stainless steel and carbon steel belong to the category of steel, but they are fundamentally different because they contain different other elements. Generally, steel that only contains carbon is called carbon steel, while stainless steel contains other alloy materials, and its corrosion resistance and wear resistance are very good. The main differences between the two are as follows: 1. Density difference: The density of carbon steel is slightly higher than that of ferritic and martensitic stainless steel, and slightly lower than that of austenitic stainless steel. 2. Different compositions: Stainless steel is the abbreviation of stainless and acid resistant steel. Steel that is resistant to weak corrosive media such as air, steam, water, or has rust resistance is called stainless steel; And the type of steel that is resistant to chemical corrosion media (such as acid, alkali, salt, etc.) is called acid resistant steel. Carbon steel is an iron carbon alloy with a carbon content ranging from 0.0218% to 2.11%. Also known as carbon steel. Generally, it also contains small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus. 3. Different corrosion resistance. Carbon steel flanges are prone to oxidation and corrosion, and are not corrosion-resistant; Stainless steel flanges have better corrosion resistance due to their high proportion of elements such as chromium and nickel. 4. Different high temperature resistance performance. Carbon steel flanges are prone to failure in high temperature environments; Stainless steel flanges can effectively resist thermal expansion and deformation at high temperatures. 5. Different resistances: The resistivity increases in order of carbon steel, ferrite, martensite, and austenitic stainless steel. 6. Different coefficients of expansion: The order of linear coefficients of expansion is also similar, with austenitic stainless steel having the highest coefficient and carbon steel having the lowest. 7. Magnetic differences: Carbon steel, ferritic and martensitic stainless steel have magnetism, while austenitic stainless steel has no magnetism. However, when it undergoes martensitic transformation during cold work hardening, magnetism will be generated. Heat treatment can be used to eliminate this martensitic structure and restore its non-magnetism.     Advantages and disadvantages of carbon steel and stainless steel flanges Carbon steel flanges are relatively inexpensive and have high tensile strength, making them commonly used in some low-pressure situations. However, carbon steel flanges have poor corrosion resistance and are prone to rusting in humid or acidic environments. Stainless steel flanges are relatively expensive, but they have good corrosion resistance and can maintain stable performance in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. However, the tensile strength of stainless steel flanges is weak and needs to be selected according to specific usage scenarios.     The use of carbon steel and stainless steel flanges Carbon steel flanges are suitable for general low-pressure water, gas, and oil pipelines and are an economical choice. However, regular maintenance is required during use to prevent rusting. Stainless steel flanges are suitable for high temperature and high pressure applications, such as chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Stainless steel flanges can withstand high pressure and temperature, and have corrosion resistance, which can maintain their original performance for a long time.     When choosing carbon steel or stainless steel flanges, it is necessary to choose according to the specific usage environment and requirements. In general low-pressure situations, carbon steel flanges can be chosen as an economical option, but regular maintenance is required. In high-temperature and high-pressure production environments, it is necessary to choose stainless steel flanges with good corrosion resistance to ensure the normal operation of the product.    

What is a lap joint flange? A lap joint flange, also known as a loose flange, is a type of flange that is used to connect two separate sections of pipe or fittings together. It consists of two main components: the stub end and the backing flange.   Lap joint flange is mainly used to cover the flange on the pipe by stub end. The flange can move on the pipe end, and the stub end is the sealing surface. The function of the flange is to press them tightly. Therefore, due to being blocked by the stub end, the loose flange will not come into direct contact with the medium. LJ flange is commonly used in situations where the medium temperature and pressure are not high but the medium is highly corrosive. When the medium is highly corrosive, the part of the flange in contact with the medium (stub end) is made of corrosion-resistant high-grade materials such as stainless steel, while the external part is clamped with flange rings made of low-grade materials such as carbon steel to achieve sealing.   During installation, the stub end is slid onto the pipe or fitting, and the backing flange is aligned with the stub end. The two components are then fastened together using bolts, which are inserted through the bolt holes in the backing flange and tightened. The lap joint allows for rotational movement and adjustment between the two components, providing flexibility in alignment and ease of assembly.     The characteristics of lap joint flanges: 1. Cost savings. When the material of the pipe is special and expensive, the cost of welding flanges of the same material is high. However, when using loose flanges, flanges of the same pipe material can be used with LJ flanges. Therefore, cost savings can be achieved. 2. Easy to construct. Used for situations where it is difficult to align the flange bolt holes during connection, or to prevent changes in the flange bolt holes when replacing equipment in the future. Easy to install for large diameter pipes. 3. Easy to maintain and clean: Due to the simple structure of the LJ flange, installation and disassembly are relatively easy, so its maintenance and cleaning are very convenient. 4. Low installation cost: The manufacturing and installation cost of loose flange is relatively low, and the cost is controllable. 5. Low stress tolerance. 6. Low strength at the welding ring (especially when the thickness is less than 3mm) 7. This type of flange is not allowed to be used in situations suitable for RT testing.       Application scenarios and functions 1.Chemical industry: Loop flanges are widely used in the chemical industry and can be used to connect various chemical pipelines and equipment to ensure the normal operation of chemical production.   2. Oil and Gas Industry: The oil and gas industry requires a large amount of pipeline transportation and storage of oil and gas, and the looped flange is more sturdy compared to other flanges, so it can better ensure safety.   3. Food and Beverage Industry: The production of food and beverages requires the use of a large number of professional equipment. Loop flanges can play a role in connecting pipelines and equipment, and can ensure the safety of product production.       In summary, loop flanges play an irreplaceable role in industrial production, which is required in the production process of different industries. A lap joint flange is a type of flange used to join two sections of pipe or fittings together. It consists of a stub end, which is welded to the pipe or fitting, and a backing flange, which is bolted to the stub end. The lap joint design allows for rotational movement and flexibility during installation, making it suitable for applications where alignment adjustments are needed.  

What is a pipe flange? Pipe flange: a pipe fitting that connects two pipes or equipment. It can be tightly connected to pipelines or equipment through bolts, forming a complete connection. Pipe flanges are widely used in industrial fields such as petroleum, chemical, food, medicine, textile, machinery, etc., The types include weld neck flanges, slip on flanges, blind flange, lap joint flange, spectacle blind flange,spade ring & spacer ring blind flange. They are an important component in pipeline systems.   The functions and uses of pipe flanges mainly include: 1. Connect two pipes with different diameters so that they can be connected together to form a pipeline system. 2. Connect the fittings and valves to ensure a tight fit and achieve a sealing effect. 3. Install pipe flanges on the equipment to secure the pipes and prevent them from moving or falling off. In pipeline design, it is often necessary to use pipe flanges to connect pipes of different lengths to meet engineering requirements. In some mechanical equipment, such as pumps and compressors, pipe flanges are also required to connect components. Overall, pipe flanges are one of the most widely used components in pipeline connections, playing an important role and purpose.       What is a Pressure vessel flange? Pressure vessel flange: It is a specialized flange used to connect pressure vessels and has the characteristics of high pressure and high temperature. It usually consists of a pair of flanges, several bolts, nuts, and a gasket. The sealing surfaces of pressure vessel flanges are divided into flat and concave convex types, which are suitable for different pressure levels and diameter requirements. Its function is to combine different compression components together, while ensuring that there is no leakage at the connecting parts   Pressure vessels are widely used equipment in the industrial field. Due to process requirements, the installation and maintenance of equipment components, and the convenience of manufacturing and transportation, pressure vessels often require detachable structures. As a basic component connecting various pressure vessel components, the design and manufacturing of pressure vessel flanges must comply with relevant standards and specifications to ensure their safe and reliable operation.   When designing pressure vessel flanges, it is necessary to consider the effects of factors such as pressure, temperature, medium, bolt force, and gasket usage. When selecting flange materials, factors such as mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and processing performance need to be considered. At the same time, design work such as strength calculation and fatigue analysis is also required to ensure the strength and reliability of the flange.     In general, pressure vessel flanges are the basic components that connect various pressure vessel components, with characteristics of high pressure and high temperature. They need to be designed and manufactured strictly in accordance with relevant standards and specifications.     There are differences between pipe flanges and pressure vessel flanges in multiple aspects: Structure: Pressure vessel flange is a type of flange with a large diameter and thickness, commonly used to connect pressure vessels and equipment. Its main characteristics are thick structure and high strength. Pipe flange is a small and thin flange, commonly used to connect pipes and fittings. Its main characteristics are lightweight structure and slightly lower strength.   Installation method: When installing pressure vessel flanges, it is generally necessary to use a large jack and achieve sufficient tightening force through prestressing method. The pipe flange is usually tightened with expansion bolts or nuts during installation.     Material: Due to the different usage environment and pressure resistance of the two types of flanges, the material also varies. Usually, pressure vessel flanges need to withstand relatively high pressure, so the materials used will be more durable, such as carbon steel, alloy steel, etc. The material of pipe flanges is generally relatively lightweight, and the materials used are mostly ordinary carbon steel, steel plates, stainless steel, etc.